What is the most detrimental effect of gastric distention in infants and children?

The most detrimental effect of gastric distention in infants and children is decreased ventilatory volume. When gastric distention occurs, particularly during ventilation or resuscitation efforts, the inflated stomach can impede the movement of the diaphragm. This obstruction can lead to compromised lung expansion, reducing the overall volume of air that can be exchanged during breathing. As a result, effective ventilation becomes difficult, which is critical in the pediatric population, as their respiratory systems are particularly sensitive and highly dependent on adequate ventilation for oxygenation.

In this context, when gastric distention reduces the ability of the lungs to inflate properly, it can also diminish the effectiveness of any ventilatory assistance being provided. Therefore, understanding this relationship is essential for healthcare providers when performing CPR or assisting with breathing in infants or children, where maintaining airway patency and effective ventilation is paramount for survival.