During respiratory distress, what sound indicates that a child is trying to keep alveoli open?

The sound that indicates a child is trying to keep alveoli open during respiratory distress is grunting. This sound occurs as a result of a child attempting to prevent the collapse of partially inflated alveoli by forcing air out through partially closed vocal cords. Grunting is a sign of significant respiratory distress and often indicates that the child is making an effort to increase end-expiratory lung volume, thereby improving oxygenation and preventing atelectasis (collapse of part of the lung).

In the context of breathing, grunting can be observed in various situations, such as in cases of pneumonia, respiratory distress syndrome, or severe asthma exacerbations. It is typically accompanied by other signs of respiratory distress, including retractions or nasal flaring. The presence of grunting is a clear clinical sign that immediate assessment and intervention may be necessary to address the underlying cause of the respiratory issue and support the child's breathing function.